The lloyd tensile testing machine is used in this experiment. As mentioned earlier the tensile test is used to provide information that will be used in design calculations or to demonstrate that a material complies with the requirements of the appropriate specification it may therefore be either a quantitative or a qualitative test. Tensile test lab report yield engineering deformation. The region of minimum cross section had dimensions 6. Using a benchtop tensile testing machine, determine the youngs modulus, yield stress, ultimate tensile stress, ductility, and toughness of aluminum, brass and steel. One material property that is widely used and recognized is the strength of a material. The idea of this tensile test experiment is to calculate the specific material properties from each material tested and see how they compare to a standard reference of the same materials properties already provided in the real world. The procedure based on the astm c496 standard test method of cylindrical concrete specimen which similar to other codes lik is 5816 1999. The tensile test is method to measure the mechanical properties of materials. The specimen will be place into the tensile test machine. Tensile test experiment materials science and engineering. These resistances come due to atomic bonding between atoms of the material.
The dynaflex sample is somewhat inaccurate due to the inability to run a full test. The material has known dimensions, like length and crosssectional area. Burton for his excellence directives during the tensile test process. Both the load stress and the test piece extension strain are measured and from this data an engineering stressstrain curve is constructed, fig. The material samples used were a36 steel and 6061t6 aluminum. Uniaxial tension and compression testing of materials. By comparing the values of the two metals we can see that mild steel has higher values in all of the three properties which means. For brinell experiment, student has to calculate the bhn and depth of impression h. Materials that are sensitive to strain rates exhibit higher tensile strengths and lower elongations at faster speeds. The object of this experiment is to measure the tensile properties of two polymeric materials, steel and aluminum at a constant strain rate on the tension testing machine. Example long laboratory report mechanical properties of. When the material is being streched, it experiencing elastic and plastic deformation. Mar 08, 2016 astm d3330 test method a 180 peel test on single coated tape mecmesin force measurement duration.
Tensile test is one of the most important mechanical property evaluation test. A material when subjected to a tensile load resists the applied load by developing internal resisting force. In the tensile test of welds the welded tensile specimen breaks at the base metal. Below is a snap shot of an actual tensile test being taken on a sample material.
The engineering tensile test is also known as tension test which vary widely used for providing the base of the design information on the strength of material and as an acceptance test for the specification of the materials. Furthermore, splitting tensile strength test on concrete cylinder is a method to determine the tensile strength of concrete. Tensile testing and hardness testing of various metals technical report submitted to. The testing procedure was repeated for the rest of the specimens. Mechanical and physical testing of biocomposites, fibrereinforced composites and hybrid composites, 2019. A tensile test sample was machined from 1018 steel stock 106. Example long laboratory report mechanical properties of 1018. The tensile machine consist of two clamps, movable and stationary, load cell a transducer that is used to convert a force into electrical signal and grip distance the length between the two clamps that holds the specimen.
For this section of the laboratory experiment, a metal cu, 99. Rockwell test in the rockwell test, a diamond cone or a hard steel ball is employed as the indenter depending on the hardness of materials. E equation 1 where p is the load in newtons force read from the loaddisp. This test is a destructive method, in which a specimen of a standard shape and dimensions prepared according to astm d 638tandard test method for tensile properties of. These machines were manufactured by the applied test systems corporation and we usually refer to them as the ats machines, or load frames. Tensile testing is used to find the behaviour of the material when it is subjected to a slowly applied tensile load up to when the material gets. Consider the typical tensile specimen shown in fig. A tensile test is a physical experimental evaluation performed on materials to determine their suitability for specific engineering or construction applications to ensure quality. Cast iron rockwell b test brinell 10500 hardness test average 96. Tensile test diagram strength of materials mechanical engineering duration. Experiment 4 testing of mat erials in tension object. Tensile testing provides data on the integrity and safety of materials, components and products, helping manufacturers ensure that their finished products are fitforpurpose and manufactured to the highest quality.
The forces throughout the sample and test machine are constant, but the stress varies with cross sectional area. The hardness test is preferred because it is simple, easy, and relatively nondestructive. Pdf objectives students are required to understand the principle of a uniaxial tensile testing and gain their practices on operating the. Tensile properties for plastics, polymers and steels are very sensitive to testing rates, but aluminum alloys exhibit little sensitivity. Tensile tests are very simple, relatively, inexpensive, and fully standardized. Tesha for his excellence lecturing of tensile testing of material theories and mr. A reduced gage section specimen made from 6061t6 aluminum, ready for tensile testing. Obtaining the physical properties through an experiment reflective of the application is one of the key steps that must be done before a selection can be made, since properties from idealized tests do not necessarily reflect the application environment of the material. These important parameters obtained from the standard tensile testing are useful for the selection of. Also the yield strength, tensile strength, the changes in length and area, youngs modulus and rupture stress were determined too. It is also possible to apply micro hardness testing by keeping the force between 5 grf and 2 kgf in vickers scale.
To avoid end effects from the shoulders, the length of the transition region should be at least as great as the diameter, and the total length of the reducedsectionshould. However, the recorded tensile values and especially the elongation after fracture are lower than the respective. It is used to characterize the mechanical properties. Example long laboratory report mechanical properties. For safe design of these components, there ultimate tensile strength and ductility one to be determine before actual use. To conduct a tensile test on a mild steel specimen and determine the following. From knowledge of the specimen geometry we can calculate the engineering stress and strain from the load vs. The main instruments used in this experiment are the uniaxial testing machines. The tensile test is the most basic structural test of a material and is used to characterize its response to structural loads. Introductiontheory tensile testing is one of the most simple and widely used materiel tests available. Abstract tensile test method for the determining of the structural properties of individual carbon fibers carlton metcalfdoetsch honors mentor. We will look at a very easy experiment that provides lots of information about the strength or the mechanical behavior of a material, called the tensile test. This experiment requires the use of several mechanical transducers that. Tensile testing involves applying a force on opposite ends of the specimen and pulling outwardly until the metal breaks to determine the strain, stress, yield.
Uniaxial tensile testing uniaxial tensile test is known as a basic and universal engineering test to achieve material parameters such as ultimate strength, yield strength, % elongation, % area of reduction and youngs modulus. Conclusion we were able to successfully tensile test aluminium and mild steel using the universal testing machine, from the data obtained we were able to successfully obtain the youngs modulus, ultimate tensile strength and yield stress values of the two metals. Abstract this experiment was conducted so as compare the mechanical properties of aluminium and mild steel. It relates the effect of a uniaxial tensile load force on the elongation change in length of a standard specimen.
Concepts the linear relationship is hookes law that represents elastic deformation. Tensile testing and hardness testing of various metals. The data produced in a tensile test can be used in many ways including. Apr 06, 20 lab 2 tensile test abstract the aim behind this experiment was to put mild steel, copper and aluminium through a tensile test, with mild steel being tabulated and graphed to show its properties and how they could be used in the real world. This experiment also familiarized the students with the instron load frame, bluehill data acquisition software, and the general steps to performing a tensile test on a reduced gage section specimen. Lab report tensile test introduction the purpose of this. The characterization data obtained from a tensile test is used directly for structural analysis and design. Me 105 mechanical engineering laboratory spring quarter. For structural applications of materials such as bridges, pressure vessels, ships. Abstract tensile test method for the determining of the. The materials to be investigated are copper and steel. The carbon fiber composite material has a much higher tensile strength and modulus of elasticity than the other materials. With the advancement and continuing integration of composite materials and technology in todays modern industries, research in this field is becoming more and more significant. Jun 07, 2012 the lloyd tensile testing machine is used in this experiment.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Lab 2 tensile test abstract the aim behind this experiment was to put mild steel, copper and aluminium through a tensile test, with mild steel being tabulated and graphed to show its properties and how they could be used in the real world. A typical instron load frame used for tensile testing. To calculate the youngs modulus, i recommend that you use an extension of about 0. References asm international, hardness testing, 2nd edition, 06671g. We then begin to apply weight to the material gripped at one end while the other end is fixed. Detailed steps required to check ultimate tensile strength using universal testing machine of any specimen, 2. Abstract this experiment was conducted so as compare the mechanical properties of aluminium and mild. Steps to check and record brinell hardness of specimen, 3. Test load is selected between 1 and 120 kgf depending on the hardness of materials. From performing the tensile test the following properties will be determined. The purpose of this lab was to apply the tensile test for two different materials steel and aluminum in order to determine the stressstrain relationship in them. Mar 02, 2018 the mechanical properties which were determined were youngs modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength, percentage elongation after fracture, percentage reduction of area, nominal stressstrain diagram and true stressstrain diagram 1. The purpose of this experiment is to understand the uniaxial tensile testing and provide knowledge of the application of the tensile test machine.
Strength can have many meanings, so let us take a closer look at what is meant by the strength of a material. I did a tensile test for a deformed steel bar with diameter of 10 mm using using uhx universal hydraulic test machine shimadzu300kn. Brass rockwell b test brinell 10500 hardness test average 71. Using a benchtop tensile testing machine, determine the youngs modulus, yield stress, ultimate tensile stress, ductility, and toughness of. The results show that the quantitative criterion for a valid shpb test is also applicable to dynamic tensile tests and it is an unbiased method as compared to the qualitative method used in the. Conclusion we were able to successfully tensile test. The experimental values determined during the tensile tests match up very closely to the theoretical values for these polymers.
The basic idea of a tensile test is to place a sample of a material between two fixtures called grips which clamp the material. Tensile testing of metals objective the tensile test measures the resistance of a material to a static or slowly applied force. Show the completed lab report and take the signature from your tas. Object the purpose of this experiment is to understand the uniaxial tensile testing and provide knowledge of the application of the tensile test machine.
Experiment 4 testing of materials in tension object. This publication is being made available in pdf format as a benefit to members and. Lab manual study the utm and perform the tensile test. The rate at which a test is performed can have a significant effect on tensile properties. Iso 15630 and din 4882 tensile test on concrete steel duration. The grips were not able to hold on to this polymer sample, and the specimen slipped out of them before a full test could be run. Dimensions of the sample before and after the test discusson and conclusion material steel. So a tensile test is a static test as a sub classification tensile testing is used to find the behaviour of the material when it is subjected to a slowly applied tensile load up to when the material gets a fracture. The basics on the operation of universal testing machine were also learnt during this experiment. The tensile test comes under the destructive test where we apply the gradually increased load up to the material get fracture. One end of the sample is fixed in a static grip while the other end of the specimen is pulled at a constant velocity. It measures the force required to break a composite or plastic specimen and the extent to which the specimen stretches or elongates to that breaking point. E, 1 mpa 106 pa engineering strain is the change in length of the. The test unit will be introduced in the laboratory before the experiment by the relevant assistant.
In this test a cylindrical or a plate shaped specimen is deformed by applying a uniaxial force as shown in the figure below. Splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimen. Tensile testing of steel see web for typical report format including. The strain hardening phenomenon is occur when the material is getting strengthened. Tensile testing is a destructive test process that provides information about the tensile strength, yield strength, and ductility of the metallic material. The important part of the specimen is the gage section. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the behavior of two material specimens under a tensile test. This laboratory experiment is designed to demonstrate the procedure used for obtaining mechanical properties as modulus of elasticity, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength uts, toughness, uniform elongation. So a tensile test is a static test as a sub classification. Lab 3 tension test objectives concepts background experimental procedure report requirements discussion objectives experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of elasticity and ductility of given materials. The universal testing machine can be used to determine the tensile strengths of.
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